Difference between revisions of "PicoVGA01"
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| − | // | + | // Atari Joystick DB-9 pushbutton to Pico pin mounting |
| − | + | #define PB_UP 16 // Up direction | |
| − | + | #define PB_DN 18 // Down direction | |
| − | + | #define PB_LT 20 // Left direction | |
| − | + | #define PB_RT 21 // Right direction | |
| − | + | #define PB_FR 17 // Fire | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
Revision as of 17:02, 1 August 2022
Contents
PicoVGA
PicoVGA uses a Raspberry Pi Pico to drive a VGA/TV display. PicoVGA was designed by Miroslav Nemecek.
The RP2040 processor contains 264 KB of RAM. This is not much for higher resolution image output and therefore RAM needs to be very sparing. In technical practice and for retro games (the processor does not have the power for more advanced games), 8-bit graphics output in R3G3B2 format (i.e. red 3 bits, green 3 bits and blue 2 bits) is fully sufficient. Output in 16 or 24 bits is not meaningful in normal practice, as the Raspberry Pico does not have enough memory or power to provide such large amounts of data in areas other than short demos. Using the dithering technique, interesting display results can be achieved even with 8-bit output.
Features
- Raspberry Pi Pico
- Automatic overclocking of processor
- Library uses the 2nd core, main program uses 1st core
- VGA
- 8-bit output in R:G:B 3:3:2 format (256 colors)
- VGA progressive output up to 1280x960 resolution
- Automatic configuration video mode timings
- Composite sync
- Video formats
- 1 base layer and 3 overlay layers with transparency
- 30 frame buffer formats: graphics, tiles, text, special
- Colour palettes
- Screen split into segments of different formats
- RLE compression
- Transparency with selectable key colour
- Hardware sprites
- Output layers to different color bits (color planes)
- PWM mono audio output
- Joystick connector(s)
- JOYPAD or 9-pin "Atari" Joystick
- Fits into 100x76mm extruded aluminum enclosure
- (4) 4-40 mounting holes
Connectors
J1/J3 Pico Breakout Headers
- 2 of 1x20 headers
Pico Pin Use
- 8 spare pins
- JOYPAD has more buttons than Atari Joystick (8 vs 5)
| Pico Pin | Pico Signal | PicoMite | Pico Pin | Pico Signal | PicoMite | DB-9 | JOYSTICK | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GP0 | BLU_LO | 40 | VBUS | USB_PWR | |||
| 2 | GP1 | BLU_HI | 39 | VSYS | 5V | |||
| 3 | GND | GND | 38 | GND | GND | |||
| 4 | GP2 | GRN_LO | 37 | VEN3 | VEN3 | |||
| 5 | GP3 | GRN_MID | 36 | V3OUT | +3.3V | J6-7 | NOT USED | |
| 6 | GP4 | GRN_HI | 35 | ADCREF | ADCREF | |||
| 7 | GP5 | RED_LO | 34 | GP28 | SPARE | |||
| 8 | GND | GND | 33 | GND | GND | |||
| 9 | GP6 | RED_MID | 32 | GP27 | JOYPAD_UP | |||
| 10 | GP7 | RED_HI | 31 | GP26 | JOYPAD_UPPER_RIGHT | J6-5 | PADDLEB | |
| 11 | GP8 | CSYNC | 30 | RUN | RUN | |||
| 12 | GP9 | SPARE | 29 | GP22 | JOYPAD_DOWN | J6-9 | PADDLEA | |
| 13 | GND | GND | 28 | GND | GND | |||
| 14 | GP10 | SPARE | 27 | GP21 | JOYPAD_CENTER_FIRE | J6-4 | RIGHT | |
| 15 | GP11 | SPARE | 26 | GP20 | JOYPAD_LEFT | J6-3 | LEFT | |
| 16 | GP12 | SPARE | 25 | AUDIO | AUDIO_MONO | |||
| 17 | GP13 | SPARE | 24 | GP18 | JOYPAD_FIRE | J6-2 | DOWN | |
| 18 | GND | GND | 23 | GND | GND | J6-8 | GND | |
| 19 | GP14 | SPARE | 22 | GP17 | JOYPAD_RIGHT | J6-6 | FIRE | |
| 20 | GP15 | SPARE | 21 | GP16 | JOYPAD_UPPER_LEFT | J6-1 | UP |
J2 - Mono Audio
- 3.5mm stereo jack
- Use with external amplified speakers
- Mono signal on both speakers
J4 - 5V USB B
- Power the card in an enclosure
- 5V power
- Full-size USB B
- No USB signals
J5 - JOYPAD
- Optional 1x12 Header matches pinout of Land Boards JOYPAD card
- 8 switches
- Up, Down, Left, Right, Fire, Center Fire, Upper Left, Upper Right
- 8 switches
- JOYPAD card can be built without pull-up resistors
- 1:1 cable between PicoVGA01 and JOYOAD cards
- Can use 10 pin Dupont housings (don't need VCC connections)
// Init the JoyPad pins // #define PB_UL 16 // Upper Left pushbutton // #define PB_RT 17 // Right direction // #define PB_FR 18 // Fire // #define PB_LT 20 // Left direction // #define PB_CF 21 // Center Fire // #define PB_DN 22 // Down direction // #define PB_UR 26 // Upper right // #define PB_UP 27 // Up direction
J6 - Joystick (DB-9)
// Atari Joystick DB-9 pushbutton to Pico pin mounting #define PB_UP 16 // Up direction #define PB_DN 18 // Down direction #define PB_LT 20 // Left direction #define PB_RT 21 // Right direction #define PB_FR 17 // Fire
Atari Joystick
- Tested/works
MSX Joystick
- Incompatible?
- UP
- DOWN
- LEFT
- RIGHT
- +VCC
- BUTTON I
- BUTTON II
- BUTTON COMMON
- GND
J7 - 3.3V
- 1x2 header
- Additional power pins for external use
Connector Views
- Joystick/power
- VGA/audio
PicoVGA01 Mechanicals
Prototype Build Hardware
- Uses cards
- Raspberry Pi Pico Breakout Board
- Raspberry Pi Pico
- VGAX49
- Audio Filter Card
- JOYPAD Card
Raspberry Pi Pico Breakout Card
- Raspberry Pi Pico in Small Plastic Project Box - Breakout board
VGA Adapter Card
- VGAX49
- Built as VGAX49 3:3:2 8-bit build
Audio Filter Card
- GRID49-Audio Filter
- Repurposed from PiPicoMite01 Prototype build
JoyPad
Prototype Build Wiring
| Pico Pin | GPIO | Signal Name | Color | Dest | Pin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GP0 | B3 | BLU | VGAX49 | 13 |
| 2 | GP1 | B4 | BLU | VGAX49 | 12 |
| 3 | GND | GND | BRN | VGAX49 | 20 |
| 4 | GP2 | G3 | GRN | VGAX49 | 8 |
| 5 | GP3 | G4 | GRN | VGAX49 | 7 |
| 6 | GP4 | G5 | GRN | VGAX49 | 6 |
| 7 | GP5 | R2 | RED | VGAX49 | 3 |
| 9 | GP6 | R3 | RED | VGAX49 | 2 |
| 10 | GP7 | R4 | RED | VGAX49 | 1 |
| 11 | GP8 | CSYNC | GRY | VGAX49 | 17 |
| 21 | GP16 | BRN | JOYPAD | 10 | |
| 22 | GP17 | ORG | JOYPAD | 9 | |
| 23 | GND | GND | GRN | AUD-FILT | 2 |
| 24 | GP18 | YEL | JOYPAD | 8 | |
| 25 | GP19 | AUDIO | GRY | AUD-FILT | 1 or 3 |
| 26 | GP20 | GRN | JOYPAD | 7 | |
| 27 | GP21 | BLU | JOYPAD | 6 | |
| 28 | GND | GND | BLK | JOYPAD | 11 |
| 29 | GP22 | VIO | JOYPAD | 5 | |
| 31 | GP26 | GRY | JOYPAD | 4 | |
| 32 | GP27 | WHT | JOYPAD | 3 |
Software
The PicoVGA library is written in C/C++ and allows output from the Raspberry Pico to a VGA monitor or PAL/NTSC TV, with a focus on ease of use in technical and gaming applications. It provides 4 graphic overlay layers with transparency, nearly 30 frame buffer formats that can be freely combined with each other, making do with limited RAM memory size. The limitation of output to 8 bits also contributes to RAM saving.
PicoVGA examples
- ProgramNameJS = My Joystick version of the programs
Ants - card game keyboard control: 'J' left, 'L' right, space select, 'D' discard, 'H' help, 'Q' quit AntsJS - card game JoyPad control: left, right, centerFire=select, upperLeft=discard, Fire=help move, upperRight=quit Balloons - sprite demo, floating balloons Draw - draw graphics demo Earth - rotating Earth globe Eggs - game of Eggs+Chickens+Hens, variant of the Reversi game keyboard control: 'L' right, 'I' up, 'J' left, 'K' down, 'H' help, 'Q' quit, 'P' 2 players, 'D' demo, space stone, Enter ok EggsJS - game of Eggs+Chickens+Hens, variant of the Reversi game JoyPad control: right, up, left, down, fire=help, upoerRight=quit, centerFire=stone, upperLeft=ok keyboard control: 'P' 2 players, 'D' demo Fifteen - game keyboard control: 'L' right, 'I' up, 'J' left, 'K' down, 'Q' new game FifteenJS - game JoyPad control: right, up, left, down, upperRight=new game Flag - animation of flag fluttering in the wind Ghost Racing - car racing game, racing with player's ghost copy, demonstration of 3D perspective projection keyboard control: 'I' gear up, 'K' gear down, 'J' turn left, 'L' turn right Ghost RacingJS - car racing game, racing with player's ghost copy, demonstration of 3D perspective projection JoyPad control: up=gear up, down=gear down, left=turn left, right=turn right Ginger House - picture fairy tale book keyboard control: 'J' previous page, 'L' next page Ginger HouseJS - picture fairy tale book JoyPad control: left=previous page, right=next page Hello - simple demonstration, print text "Hello world!" on the screen Hypno - hypnotizing rotating pattern Level Meter - demo of music volume level indication Life - game, reproducing cells keyboard control: 'L' right, 'I' up, 'J' left, 'K' down, 'C' copy, 'V' paste, 'D' clear, space flip state, Enter run life, 0..9 select slot LifeJS - game, reproducing cells JoyPad control: right=right, up=up, left=left, dowb=down, upperLeft=copy, Fire=paste, centerFire=flip state, UpperRight=run life keyboard control: 'D' clear, 0..9 select slot Lines - moving line patterns Mandelbrot - fractal pattern generator keyboard control: 'E' up, 'S' left, 'D' right, 'X' down, 'Q' zoom in, 'A' zoom out, 'L' low resolution 132x100, 'M' medium resolution 264x200, 'H' high resolution 528x400, 'I' integer arithmetics, 'F' float arithmetics, 'B' double arithmetics, 'O' decrease number of steps, 'P' increase number of steps, 'U' increase system clock, 'T' decrease system clock, space redraw MandelbrotJS - fractal pattern generator JoyPad control: Up, left, right, down, Fire zoom in, upper left zoom out, keyboard control: 'L' low resolution 132x100, 'M' medium resolution 264x200, 'H' high resolution 528x400, 'I' integer arithmetics, 'F' float arithmetics, 'B' double arithmetics, 'O' decrease number of steps, 'P' increase number of steps, 'U' increase system clock, 'T' decrease system clock, space redraw Matrix Rain - simulation of Matrix code rain Maze - game, simple maze with maze generator keyboard control: 'J' left, 'I' up, 'L' right, 'K' down, 'H' help (show door) MazeJS - game, simple maze with maze generator JoyPad control: left, up, right, down, upperRight=help (show door) Monoscope - test of various graphic modes keyboard control: '0'..'9', 'A'..'U' select videomode Oscilloscope - demo oscilloscope simulator Pacman - game of popular Pac-man keyboard control: 'J' left, 'I' up, 'L' right, 'K' down, 'A' pause PacmanJS - game of popular Pac-man JoyPad control: left, up, right, down, upper right pause Pi - calculate Pi at 4800 digits Pixels - random pixels Raytrace - ray tracing 3D demonstration of mirror spheres Sokoban - game with 3000 puzzles and with their solutions keyboard control: 'L' right, 'I' up, 'J' left, 'K' down, 'H' help (solution), 'R' restart scene, 'Q' previous level, 'W' next level, 'P' info SokobanJS - game with 3000 puzzles and with their solutions JoyPad control: right, up, left, down, upperLeft=previous level, fire=next level, uppperRight=restart scene, keyboard 'H' help (solution), 'P' info Spheres - draw random spheres Spots - draw random dot spots Tetris - game keyboard control: 'L' right, 'I' turn, 'J' left, 'K' drop, 'A' pause TetrisJS - game JoyPad control: right, center fire turn, left, down = drop, upper right = pause Train - puzzle game with 50 levels and with their solutions keyboard control: 'L' right, 'I' up, 'J' left, 'K' down, 'H' help (solution), Enter OK, Esc escape, BS backspace TrainJS - puzzle game with 50 levels and with their solutions JoyPad control: right, up, left, down, centerFire=OK, upperLeft=escape, fire=backspace, upperRight=help (solution), Twister - deformable block covered with 4 textures Water surface - simulation of a rippling water surface
